Sentiment analysis, also referred to as opinion mining, has received increasing attention as a method for evaluating customer satisfaction with hotel services. By identifying the emotions behind a review, sentiment analysis can provide useful information to support quality management and marketing. With an aim of addressing the lack of sentiment-analysis models for hotel services in Korea, this paper presents a sentiment-analysis model for analyzing online reviews written in Korean. The presented model conducts a term-frequency analysis to figure out the most frequently mentioned service attributes and identifies whether the sentiment towards each attribute is positive or negative. The model also provides a list of words associated with each attribute, such that one can clarify why customers have such sentiments for the attribute. To demonstrate the model, this paper analyzes a total of 4,203 Korean reviews on 18 5-star hotels in Seoul, Korea. 'Hotel A' with the most number of reviews is taken as a representative case, and its detailed results are discussed. The results show that the sentiment analysis can serve as an effective means of understanding customer needs and assessing the degree of customer satisfaction with the hotel service. The strengths and weaknesses of the hotel service can be identified as well.

The purpose of this study is to figure out the relationship of flight attendants' organizational communication on job performance and turnover intention. This research, in order to achieve its goals, has established hypothesis with theoretical background and analyzed it with actual examination. The 235 questionnaires were distributed to the flight attendants flying in the Korea based carriers at Incheon and Gimhae International Airport.for about 2 weeks from 1st to 15th of November, 2018. A total of 220 responses were used for analysis except 15 insincerity responses. Result of the research are presented as follows. First, among 4 sub-factors of organizational communication, horizontal & downward factors had significant positive effect on the job performance. Second, job performance had a significant negative effect on turnover intention. Through identifying and studying these influences relations, it was considered to be useful for developing the core programs that would play an important role for encouraging to express their opinions under free atmosphere.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effect of career preparation behavior in the 5 factors of career college students and career Select behavior. For this purpose, multiple regression analysis and mediation effect analysis were conducted based on the results of 282 questionnaires of four major departments of tourism major. First, openness to experience, extroversion, and integrity were found to influence information gathering activities and instrumental activities in the relationship between personality factors and career preparation behaviors. Second, extroversion and sincerity have an effect on the relationship between five personality factors and job select behavior. Third, mediating effect of career preparation behavior in five personality and career select behaviors showed mediating effect of extroversion, sincerity, and acceptance. Fourth, further analysis was conducted to see if there are differences in career preparation behaviors by tourism major. As a result, the foodservice science department and the tourism management department showed the highest average in the goal achievement activities, and there was a significant difference between the two departments. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications are presented based on the results of this study.

Corporate has changed its approach to CSR(Corporate Social Responsibility) from corporate philanthropy including monetary donation and aid into supporting cultural and arts activities as a strategic marketing so as to satisfy customers who seek quality of life and value and to build strong emotional connections with the customers. On the other hand, municipal governments have competitively held regional festivals using its local assets for place marketing in order to contribute to the competitiveness of the region. Therefore, community-based corporate can sponsor or hold local festivals to contribute to communities where place marketing is needed while practicing CSR at the same time. The Gyejoksan Barefoot Festival is a corporate-driven local festival that has been held by Mackiss Company since 2006. The Chungnam based company has built red clay road around Geyjok mountain which is a public place. The Gyejoksan Barefoot Festival is differentiated from other private local festivals in some ways; it has a unique content such as walking barefoot on the red clay road and Geyjoksan became a famous place while Mackiss Company has been practicing CSR. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of awareness about corporate-driven festivals on CSR and corporate image focusing the Gyejoksan Barefoot Festival. As a result, it was found that awareness of corporate-driven festival affects corporate image and SCR. The characteristics of corporate-driven festival can be changed according to the role of CSR in addition to the improvement of corporate image.

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of job embeddedness in maintaining occupation based on previous research findings that emotional labor of airline cabin crew due to black consumer has difficulty in sustaining the job. In order to accomplish this purpose, questionnaires were produced referencing the existing researches, and a survey was conducted on the airline cabin crews. A total of 398 usable and reliable respondents were used for the data analysis. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, the partial mediation effect on organizational fit, organizational sacrifice, and organizational links was examined in relation to emotional labor, surface emotion, and turnover intention. In other words, if the employees feel that their personal values match the company, the company culture is suitable for their employees, they can accomplish the career goal, and therefore the turnover intention decreases. If you are satisfied with your company's welfare benefits or are considered to be able to work until retirement age, your turnover intent decreases. In addition, it can be seen that the turnover intention decreases when there are many colleagues who work regularly or colleagues who can give help. The managerial and academic implications based on the findings were thoroughly presented at the concluding section.

The aim of the following study is to determine the effect of hotel employees' workplace bullying on psychological contract violation and organizational citizenship behavior. The study also aims to verify the mediated effect of psychological contract violation in the relationship between workplace bullying and organizational citizenship behavior. The survey is conducted with four and five-star hotel employees, and the data of 298 participants are analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. First, workplace bullying has a negative effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Second, workplace bullying increases the perceived psychological contract violation. Third, psychological contract violation decreases organizational citizenship behavior. Fourth, psychological contract violation has a mediated effect in the relationship between workplace bullying and organizational citizenship behavior. The results of the study are meaningful as they verify the effect of workplace bullying on organizational citizenship behavior. They also allow a more in-depth understanding of how workplace bullying affects organizational citizenship behavior.

This study is to identify the relationship between the perception of glass ceiling and organizational justice perceived by employees of travel agency. Through various theoretical approaches to glass ceiling, the concept was established to set up a research model, and the significant differences and influences between the recognition and organizational justice of glass ceiling were to contribute to the travel agency's right personnel organization culture and provide basic data on human resources management. Questionnaires were distirbuted a total of 200 copies from January 30 to 30 March, 2019. The number of collected copies was 177 in total, from which 23 ineffective copies were excluded. Total 177 copies were used for an emprical analysis with SPSS 22.0 and hypotheses were examined using multiple regression analysis. The theoretical background of the study and the results of the study through empirical analysis are as follows. Analysis of the impact relationship between the perception of glass ceiling and organizational justices of travel agents showed that 'procedural justice' had a negative effect on the 'welfare' factor and 'distributive justices' had a negative effect on the 'promotion' factor, respectively. The results of this study suggest practical implications by providing basic data on how travel agents should utilize and develop female human resources and what they need to do so.

The purpose of this study is to suggest the implication for Airline Marketing Communication based on domestic airlines. Over the past 10 years in Korea, many airlines' marketing research has been gradually increasing, also it was applied to various airlines. The study analyzed which marketing communications would work in favor of airlines amid fierce competition. This research has analyzed the influences of Airline Marketing Communication on Relation Continuing Intention through Airline Image and Brand Awareness. The study method was to conduct a online survey research targeting the various tourists. The empirical survey was conducted between March 10 and 22, 2019, and 213 valid questionnaires were analyzed. As an analysis method was conducted to verify a analysis of frequency, correlation analysis, factor analysis, linear regression analysis and study model hypotheses. The study results showed that first, Airline Marketing Communication was divided into advertising, word of mouth, sales promotion, physical environment according to the literature review. Analysis showed that Airline Marketing Communication has effect on Airline Image. Second, Airline Marketing Communication has effect on Brand Awareness. Third, Airline Image has effects Relation Continuing Intention. Forth, Brand Awareness has effects Relation Continuing Intention. The findings has significant implications for Airline Marketing Communication and academic researchers. This research has several implications such as Airline Marketing Communication requires what kind of online strategies focused on in order to predict passenger's Relation Continuing Intention.

The cost of creating new customers is five times higher than that of maintaining old ones, so strategically maintaining the ones already captivated is far more meaningful than creating new ones. When travelers are satisfied with their trips, the possibility of revisiting is higher. But not all satisfied travelers revisit the destination or recommend it to others. Tourism are regarded as a behavior that consumers pay for pleasant experiences and ultimately acquire pleasant memories. Therefore, the most important thing for tourism behavior is to get relevant memories of valuable travel experiences. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between memory storage which is influenced by travel experience and tourists' satisfaction and loyalty. The results of this study are as follow: Firstly, travel experience has an impact on memory storage, in which life vitality, knowledge and sensory experience has an impact on both in short-term memory and long-term memory. Secondly, short-term memory has an impact on satisfaction while long-term memory does not have an impact on tourists' satisfaction. Thirdly, long-term memory has a great impact on loyalty. Lastly, tourist satisfaction has a positive impact on loyalty.

The purpose of study is to investigate the relationship between the cost of debt and the financial leverage of hotel companies. It selected 32 out of 45 five star hotels in Korea and presented the following research results. First, while cost of debt are low at 3.09%. Howerver the average DFL was 1.40 and the maximum is 37.5. As a result, some hotel companies have high financial volatility due to the cost of other capital. Second, empirical analysis shows that DFL, debt ratio, return on assets, and the security solvency have a common influence. In other words, it is influenced by measurement variables and affects the future cost of debt. The results showed that the present financial leverage, which is measured by the risk of the company affects the procurement of cost of debt in the future's. Therefore, managers and creditors need to be aware that risk premiums can be reflected by affecting the procurement of cost of debt in the future according to the current financial risk.