The aims of this study were to investigate the structural relationship between the awareness of North Korea, the effectiveness of tourism ODA, and attitudes towards tourism ODA among university students. To achieve the purpose of the study, a questionnaire was designed after the review of previous studies, and then the online survey was fielded December 7-21, 2020, administering the survey to a convenience sample of university students. The reliability and validity of the model was verified and seven paths presented were statistically significant, and the path (environmental effects of Tourism ODA and attitudes towards tourism ODA) was not significant. Based on the study's findings, this study discussed academic ccontributions, practical implications, and research limitations. The results of this study provided empirical information on the awareness of the effectiveness of tourism ODA and ODA policy.

The purpose of this study is to confirm the difference between psychological well-being and Job satisfaction with the demographic characteristics of tourism industry employees. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, a survey was conducted for employees in the national tourism industry(hotel, airline, travel agency, convention, restaurant). 150 copies of the questionnaire were distributed and the final 138 copies were used as analysis data.
SPSS ver. Using the 23.0 program, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, and One-Way ANOVA were conducted.
As a result, first, it was found that among the demographic characteristics(Age, marriage, family type, education, position, department of work, number of years worked) of the employees of the tourism industry, only 'educational background' had a difference. Specifically, it was confirmed that there was a significant difference in psychological well-being between junior college graduation groups and graduate school graduation groups. In particular, the average value of psychological well-being was high in the graduate school group. Second, there was no difference in the demographic characteristics and job satisfaction of the tourism industry employees.
The psychological well-being of employees of the tourism industry is an important indicator for job satisfaction in the organizational aspect and life satisfaction in the personal aspect. Therefore, when the tourism industry manages human resources according to the 'educational background', It is suggested that there is a need to prepare a human resource management plan that can increase psychological well-being.

This purpose of this study is to verify the effect of bakery-based food space design on customer emotions and revisit intention. Food space design was divided into food styling and dining space desing, and customer emotions and revisit intention were composed of a single factor. To achieve the goal, a survey was conducted on customers who purchased bakeries at hotels and restaurants. The survey was conducted from 1 May 2020 to 1 June 2020 using the Google Online Questionnaire. 293 collected questionnaires were used for statistical analysis. The results of the hypothesis are as follows: (1) Food styling and dining space design have positive effect on customer emotions. (2) Dining space design and customer emotions have positive effect on revisit intention. (3) Food styling and dining space design have on the revisit intention by mediating customer emotions. The results of this study theoretical and practical implications for the marketing strategy of restaurant business.

The global spread of Covid-19 has been a serious threat to the tourism industry. Despite the massive damage, companies are implementing various measures to survive and adapt to the environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the specific strategies implemented by hotel companies. To achieve the research objectives, “Bigkinds”, a news search and analysis tool of the Korea Press Promotion Foundation, was used, and the time range was from January 1 to December 31, 2020. Through the analysis of the contents of news articles, the hotel company's specific marketing strategies, which were difficult to access at the academic level, and the commonalities in responding to crises caused by changes in the external environment were derived. First, hotel companies were introducing untact technologies. Second, hotel companies are developing food and beverage products suitable for the current situation and changing their sales channels. Third, hotel companies are diversifying package products with low-price policies while changing their sales channels. Based on the analysis results, the limitations of this study and subsequent research directions with theoretical and practical implications were presented.

This study focused on verifying effects among self-determination and planned behavior and planned behavior and behavior intentions. Research results showed that, first, intrinsic motivation has positive (+) effects on attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control. Second, extrinsic motivation has negative (-) effects on attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control. Third, attitude and perceived behavior control has positive (+) effects on behavior intentions. However, subjective norms and behavior intentions did not display statistically significant influential relationships. Based on these research results, it is shown that decisions to participate in the boycotts of potential Japanese tourism consumers are behaviors planned by one's own independent decisions.

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the causal relationship between compassion and trust in the relationship between CSR(corporate social responsibility) authenticity and customer satisfaction, and at the same time verify the dual mediation effect of compassion and trust. As for the sample, a survey was conducted on Koreans using domestic airlines for the past year, and a total of 318 samples were used for empirical analysis. As a result of the study, the effect of CSR authenticity on compassion, the effect of compassion on trust, and the effect of trust on customer satisfaction were significant. In addition, the effect of CSR authenticity on customer satisfaction and the double mediation effect of competition and trust were also significant, and all hypotheses were supported. The implication of this study is that it demonstrated the double mediating effect of competition and trust in the relationship between CSR authenticity and customer satisfaction for domestic airline customers. Therefore, this study will greatly contribute to the spread of a compassionate service culture and trust formation of low cost airlines in the future.

The current study aims to examine the roles of airline's corporate social responsibility(CSR). Specifically, the effect of airline's environmental CSR on passengers' attitude towards the airline and loyalty was investigated. The relationship between passengers' attitude and loyalty was also examined. In addition, the moderating function of environmental concern was verified. The conceptual model of the study was designed based on the previous research and the research model was empirically tested. The web-based survey was conducted and analyzed the data collected from the 426 passengers who had traveled abroad by airplane within one year because the passengers should recall their flight experience. The analysis results indicated that the airlines' environmental CSR activities influenced passengers' favorable attitude and enhanced their loyalty; and the effect of passengers' attitude on loyalty was also significant. Moreover, environmental concern played a significant moderating role in the relationship between airline's environmental CSR activity and customer attitude. The results of the research provided academic and practical implications.

This study aims a analyze the process on the work-life balance was studied through grounded theory analysis for employees engaged in the tourism industry. For this, it interviewed a total of 20 hotel workers, casino workers, and restaurant workers and through open coding, the major concepts of work-life balance were ultimately drawn out into 163 concepts, 42 subcategories, and 16 categories. Also, a paradigm model that is the analytical frame of axial coding was applied and each category that was drawn from the data was structuralized using central phenomena, causal factors, contextual factors, moderating factors, interaction strategies, and results and their connecting relationships were analyzed. As a result, a paradigm model of work-life balance was presented and based on the paradigm model, attributes and dimensions of each category were classified. Finally, through the derivation and elaboration of the core categories, the core category for work-life balance in this study was summarized as 'Efforts to realize each goal based on the balance of family life'. An understanding of work-life balance and efforts to balance work-life through work-family balance, work-leisure balance, and work-growth balance were studied. Through this study, the purpose of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the practical support system of employees, and through this, the purpose of presenting data so that the tourism industry can guide the work-life balance support system in a desirable direction.

In this study, physical, emotional, social, intellectual, and mental wellness were set as sub-factors of wellness tourism as an effort to bring the mind and body to an optimal state, and the effects of these factors on subjective feelings of happiness and revisit intentions were examined. For the questionnaire, 220 valid questionnaires targeting wellness tourism experiences were used to verify the causal relationship by using SPSS 23.0, and a multiple regression analysis was conducted on the effect of each factor on subjective feelings of happiness and revisit intention. Thus, wellness tourists have been shown to improve physical health through tourism activities, reduce stress, take a break, find mental health, and find the meaning of social relationships through experiences they experience with people they share. And then, it was found that wellness tourists can influence the loyalty of tourism products through tourism activities, and it was confirmed that these factors become major factors for consideration of tourism products. In addition, through this, practical and theoretical implications are provided.

Based on studies on the effect of the type of supervision of senior managers in the cooking department, which is highly dependent on human resources, on the job satisfaction of the successor, and studies that self-efficacy regulates the relationship of the type of supervision to job satisfaction, this study examined the results of the type of supervision of senior managers in the hotel cooking on the job satisfaction of the successor. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the various types of supervision of senior hotel cooks affect the job satisfaction of the incoming members, investigate the influence that the effects can be adjusted to self-effectiveness, and present desirable types of supervision to enhance the job satisfaction of hotel cooks. If many prior studies were conducted with the department head and the following successors, this study was conducted more internally and "actually" on the relationship between senior managers and successors.
Based on the results of this study, we discussed ways to go further, discussing that the nature of the special hotel chefs, who are highly dependent on human resources, affects the job satisfaction of their successor members according to the type of supervision of senior managers. We also discussed the implications and future direction of how to improve job satisfaction for the incoming members.