This paper examines the EU's North Korea policy and finds that it has developed through three stages: from active engagement to critical engagement, and finally to active pressure. The engagement policy was triggered by the food shortage in 1995. However, it changed to a more realist policy in response to DPRK's nuclear provocation. The change from engagement to sanctions provides evidence of the EU's alteration from its traditional normative foreign policy. This paper further investigates the dynamics behind the EU's North Korea policy shift. The analysis shows that the EU tends to adhere to solutions such as dialogue when dealing with the DPRK nuclear problem, whereas member states prefer to apply pressure through sanctions. This has shifted EU's North Korea policy from a normative to a realist approach.

North Korea's nuclear development and the international sanctions against North Korea have continued as if they were a set. North Korea wants to gain its status as a nuclear weapon state, and the international community is fighting hard for the denuclearization of North Korea. This study focuses on the difference of policy value between North Korea and the international community and analyzes the phenomenon itself through dilemma theory. The results of the study conclude that North Korea and the international community, which do not have common values, will have to coexist with the North Korean nuclear issue and economic sanctions in the future unless either party gives up its position.

South Korea and the United States announced on July 13, 2016 that they had made a final decision to deploy the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system in the South. Tension on the Korean Peninsula has been high since North Korea conducted a series of nuclear and missile tests. The decision to deploy THAAD is the latest move to squeeze the increasingly isolated North Korea, but China and Russia worry the system's radar will be able to track its military capabilities. Local residents and all the peace-loving people in South Korea are also worried that the deployment could damage their rights to peace as well as the effort for peaceful resolution of North Korean nuclear issues. This article seeks to evaluate the Korean people's movement against the deployment of THAAD based on the theory of the right to peace, and draw some implications for peacebuilding on the Korean peninsula.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the reality of the reunification education carried out in universities and to suggest the ideal model indicating methods for encouraging students to pay attention to reunification and for enhancing the capability to serve as the main actors toward reunification of the Korean Peninsula. As a result of my analysis, I saw that too little has been done to satisfy the goals of education in the three parts of university education on reunification. In order to accomplish the goals of reunification education in the universities, I propose an alternative model called the PEACE Model (Peace Education and Convergence Education). This is a programs model composed of three parts: general education, major education, and management system.

Since 2014, North Korean authorities introduced the Socialist Corporate Responsible Management System, drastically expanding the enterprises' autonomy and independency. Also, the authorities brought a large change to the monetary and financial system. They established commercial banks while reforming the National Payment system. Money supply through loans from the central bank was newly instituted as well. In addition, they set up a structure paying less to and receiving less from the government. The government permits corporate borrowing from households and encourages them to use rechargeable prepaid cards. Though limited, the North Korean economy is obviously based on a monetary economy. This paper approaches the North Korean economy by looking through the statement of the financial position of the economy entities, including the central bank and commercial banks. North Korea has fully started the market economy since Kim Jongun took office. The limitations of the monetary economy have been partly overcome. The importance of the commercial banks' loan and the reserved profits of enterprises has been given more weight and the routes to create money have become diversified. Accordingly, the flow of money goes more smoothly and is more stable than before. The chance of deficit finance has been structurally established. Consequently, the North Korean economy after 2014 has taken a drastic step towards getting free from the 'classical' socialism.