오늘날 DNA 검사방법을 통해 사건 현장에서 발견된 인체 관련 증거물을 기존에 보관된 DNA 데이터베이스의 자료들과 비교 분석함으로써 범인을 특정하고 사안을 해명하고 있다. 최근에는 수사 현장에서 단순히 범죄현장의 증거물과 기존 데이터베이스의 DNA 자료를 비교하는 것을 넘어서, “DNA 집단검사” 및 이와 관련된 “가족 DNA 탐색”까지 광범위하게 활용되고 있다. 특히 독일에는 이와 관련된 규정(독일형사소송법 제81조의h)을 두고 있고, 그에 따라 이러한 수사조치가 빈번하게 이루어지고 있다.
이러한 검사방법은 개인의 프라이버시권과 개인정보자기결정권이 침해할 가능성이 크다는 문제가 있지만, 효과적인 범죄수사를 위해 결코 간과할 수 없는 제도이다. 하지만 우리나라에는 그에 관한 명문규정이 존재하지 않으므로, 그 규정의 도입에 대해 신중히 고민을 해 보아야 한다. 명확한 규정을 통해 그 법적근거가 마련된다면, 수사기관에게도 정확한 수사의 지침을 제공해 주기 때문에 당사자의 인권침해를 방지하는 데에도 큰 역할을 할 수 있게 된다. 이 때 사안의 해명과 기본권 보호라는 충돌하는 두 이익을 적절히 조화시키기 위해서는, 무엇보다 DNA 검사 대상자의 자발적인 동의 및 그 전제가 되는 수사기관의 성실한 고지의무의 강화에 더욱 중점을 두어야 할 것이다.

DNA-Identitatsfeststellungen sowie molekulargenetische Untersuchungen tragen heutzutage dazu bei, viele Sachverhalte effektiv aufzuklaren. In Deutschland werden daruber hinaus DNA-Massentests (Massenscreenings) und sog. Beinahetreffer durchgefuhrt, deren gesetzliche Grundlage in § 81h StPO (DNA-Reihenuntersuchung) liegt. Diesbezuglich geht es vornehmlich darum, ob eine Verweigerung der Einwilligung zur Tatverdachtsbegrundung gegen die betroffene Person fuhrt, sowie ob eine Verwertung von Beinahetreffern anzunehmen ist.
Da derartige Zwangsmaßnahmen einen starkeren Verstoß gegen das Recht auf informationelle Selbstbestimmung herbeifuhren konnen, ist bei der Auseinandersetzung mit der Einfuhrung dieser Regelung Folgendes in den Blick zu nehmen: Bei der Gesetzgebung sollte vor allem berucksichtigt werden, im Hinblick auf die Interessenabwagung und Verhaltnismaßigkeit dem freiwilligen Einverstandnis des Betroffenen große Bedeutung beizumessen. Dieses Einwilligungserfordernis sollte auf die ernste Belehrungspflicht der Ermittlungsbehorden gestutzt werden.

Accident analysis models were developed to improve the construction site safety and case studies was conducted. In 2016, 86% of fatality accidents occurred due to simple unsafe acts. Structure related accidents are less frequent than the non structure related causes, but the number of casualties per accident is two times higher than non structure one. In the view of risk perception, efforts should be given to reduce accidents caused by low frequency - high consequence structure related causes. In case of structure related accident, structural safety inspection and management (including quality), ground condition management / inspection technology, and provision of risk information delivery system in case of non structure related accident were proposed as a solution. In analysis of relationship between safety related stakeholder, the main problem were the lack of knowledge of controller and player, loss of control due to duplicated controls, lack of communication system of risk information, and relative position error of controller and player.

This study performs reliability analysis of three-dimensional temporary shoring structures with three different models. The first model represents a field model which does not have diagonal bracing members. The installation of bracing members is often neglected in the field for convenience. The second model corresponds to a design model which has the bracing members with the hinge connection of horizontal and bracing members at joints. The third model is similar to the second model but the hinge connection is replaced with partial rotational stiffness. The reliability analysis results revealed that the vertical members of the three models are safe enough in terms of axial force, but the vertical and horizontal members exhibit a big difference among the three models in terms of combination stress of axial force and bi-axial bending moments. The field model showed significant increase in failure probability for the horizontal member, and thus the results demonstrate that the bracing member should be installed necessarily for the safety of the temporary shoring structures.

Korean shipbuilding companies have taken many efforts for safety over the years by developing Health, Safety & Environment (HSE) Management Systems, Procedures, Training, and studying Programs for prevention of incidents. As a result, the shipbuilding industry has succeeded in reducing overall injury rates. Nevertheless, the industry also noticed that incident rates are still not at zero and more importantly, serious injuries and fatalities are still occurring. One factor that may be attributing to this is the lack of managing potential severity during incident investigations, most incident investigations are implemented based on the actual result. Generally, each shipbuilding company develops their customized incident investigation programs and these are also commonly being focused on actual result. This study aimed to develop a shift in strategy toward safety to classify the criteria of potential severity from any incidents and manage that to prevent any recurrence or causing any serious injuries or fatalities in the shipbuilding industry. Several global energy companies have already developed potential severity management tools and applied them in their incident investigations. In order to verify the necessity of improvement for current systems, a case study and comparative analysis between a domestic shipbuilding company and several global energy companies from foreign countries was implemented and comparison of two incident investigation cases from specific offshore projects was conducted to measure the value of a potential severity system. Also, a checklist was established from the data of fatalities and serious injuries in recent 5 years that occurred in Korea shipbuilding industry and a proposal to verify high potential incidents in the incident investigation process and comparative analysis between the assessment by appling proposed checklist and the assessment from a global energy company by using their own system was implemented. As a measure to prevent any incidents, it is required to focus on potential severity assessment during the incident investigation rather than to only control actual result. Hence, this study aims to propose a realistic plan which enables to improve the existing practices of incident investigation and control in the shipbuilding industry.

The aging of society is not only Korea's challenge but also a global issue. This leads to an increase in the number of elderly drivers who are much more prone to major traffic accidents. Therefore, we need a system to test aged drivers' driving abilities. As part of efforts to establish such a system, researchers of KoROAD. have conducted a study on the correlation between aging and driving abilities by analyzing old drivers' reaction time. The study shows that there was a sharp increase in reaction time for drivers aged 65 and over. The current reaction time of 2.5 secs for the 85 percent of eligible drivers needs to be revised upward in aging societies. From now on, we need to come up with the traffic safety measures that can deal with the issue of drivers of old age.

In this study, the causes of human error were identified through the survey of the drivers of the three organizations: Seoul Metro, Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation, and Korail. It was started with the aim of finding and eliciting causes in various directions including human factors, job factors, and environmental factors. The Cronbach alpha value was 0.95 for the reliability significance of the stress-induced factors in the operational area. The significance probability for organisational factors was shown to be 0.82, and the significance of the sub-accident experience and the driving skill factors in operation was 0.81 In addition, the analysis results showed that stress-induced in the field of driving is higher than the human factors in the reliability analysis. The results of the analysis confirmed that the reliability of the organizational and operational stress-induced factors was higher than other causes. In order to reduce urban railroad accidents, this paper suggests a method for operating safe urban railroad through the minimization human errors.

The importance of aviation safety has been emphasized recently due to the development of aviation industry. Despite the efforts of each country and the improvement of screening equipment, screening tasks are still difficult and detection failures are frequent. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of feedback on improving signal detection performance applying a Simulated Baggage Screening Program(SBSP) for improving aviation safety. SBSP consists of three parts: image combination, option setting and experiment. The experimental images were color-coded to reflect the items' transmittance of the x-rays and could be combined as researchers' need. In the option, the researcher could set up the information, incentive, and comments needed for training to be delivered on a number of tasks and times. Experiment was conducted using SBSP and participant's performance information (hit, missed, false alarms, correct rejection, reaction time, etc.) was automatically calculated and stored. A total of 50 participants participated and each participant was randomly assigned to feedback and non-feedback group. Participants performed a total of 200 tasks and 20(10%) contained target object(gun and knife). The results showed that when the feedback was provided, the hit, correct rejection ratio and d′ were increased, however, the false alarms and miss decreased. However, there was no significant difference in response criteria(β). In addition, implications, limitations of this study and future research were discussed.

This study is aiming to compare stair ascent transportation speed and physical burden of evacuation supporters according to the types of stair ascent transportation for vulnerable people experimentally. In this study, we measured heart rate of the supporters to indicate physical burden during the transportation. The subjects of this experiment were male students, age of 20-26. Experimental conditions were the ways of stair transportation and the weight of vulnerable people. The types of stair transportation were giving a piggyback ride and carrying a wheelchair. Each experimental trial was video-recorded for measurement of ascent speed and observing supporters movement. As a result of the experiment, as for the ascent transportation speed by piggyback ride from the first floor to the fourth floor, the average speed of the light case is 31 seconds and for the heavy case is 43 seconds. When it comes to the average speed of wheelchair transportation's average speed the light case is 1 minute and 11 seconds and the heavy case is 1 minute and 49 seconds. Therefore, it was indicated that when the weight of a vulnerable people is lighter, the transportation speed is faster. The heart rates of evacuation supporters are different depending on transportation methods or individual's condition but as repetitive transportation increases, they tend to reach the maximum heart rates.

Experimental studies have been carried out to investigate characteristics of gas explosion using a multi layered water gel barrier in a vented explosion chamber. The chamber is consisted of 1600 mm in length, with a square cross-section of 100×100 mm2. The gel concentration of inner layer of MLWGB ranged from 10% to 90% with intervals of 10% by weight of gel. Displacement of the MLWGB was photographed with a measured using a high-speed video camera, and pressure development was measured using a data acquisition system. It was found that MLWGBs with 10 ~ 20% inner layer concentrations were ruptured during the explosions. As the concentrations of inner layer increased from 30% to 90%, the barriers were not ruptured. As the gel concentrations of the inner layer increased, the displacement increased toward the chamber exit and the pressure decreased for the ruptured barriers. It was found that the pressure attenuation obtained from the MLWGB was higher than that of the single water gel barrier. For the cases of non-ruptured barriers, the pressure inside the chamber less increased with increasing gel concentrations of the inner layer. It was also found that the displacement moved back into the chamber for non-ruptured MLWGBs, and it was sensitive to the gel concentrations

Flash point is the important indicator to determine fire and explosion hazards of liquid solutions. In this study, flash points of n-propanol+n-hexanol and n-butanol+ n-hexanol systems were obtained by Seta flash tester. The methods based on UNIFAC equation and multiple regression analysis were used to calculate flash point. The calculated flash point was compared with the experimental flash point. Absolute average errors of flash points calculated by UNIFAC equation are 2.9℃ and 0.6℃ for n-propanol+ n-hexanol and n-butanol+n-hexanol, respectively. Absolute average errors of flash points calculated by multiple regression analysis are 0.5℃ and 0.2℃ for n-propanol+ n-hexanol and n-butanol+n-hexanol, respectively. As can be seen from AAE, the values calculated by multiple regression analysis are noticed to be better than the values by the method based on UNIFAC eauation.