Learning environments are rapidly changing with increasing smartphone usage and constantly improving Internet environment. Considering the evolution of learning environments, strong need for lifelong education, and development of e-learning, the emergence of micro-learning is a very natural result.
In this study, we explored the characteristics of micro-learning and studied specialized design strategies through development of an actual micro-learning content.
Firstly, micro-learning is developed by reflecting Mezirow's 'Transformative Learning Theory', Ebbinghaus's 'Forgetting Curve', 'Chunking Theory', etc. This differentiates micro-learning from e-learning, and it assists students to learn and remember more efficiently.
Secondly, by developing a foreign language learning content using micro-learning platform, we verified that it is essential to select specific learners, set simple learning themes, and expand the learning experience by activating interactions. The expansion of experience is what the learners want, and ultimately, it is a shortcut to enhancing problem-solving skills.
Lastly, based on these arguments, we came to the conclusion that micro-learning content has many advantages and this would be very useful as a complement to the regular curriculum.

Medical interpreting services in Korea have a distinctive system where healthcare coordinators assume a wide variety of patient care responsibilities including marketing, administrative, interpreting, escorting, and medical duties, covering the whole process of medical care from pre-consultation arrangement to post-treatment care. Efforts at the government and private levels to foster professional healthcare interpreters through intensive interpreter training and certificate system have not been fully established on the field because hospitals usually hire coordinators or use inside hospital staff members with language competency to handle multi-tasks including interpreting. This study investigates the management system of interpreting services in the international healthcare centers at Korean university hospitals by having in-depth interviews with four directors and six coordinators regarding their personal information (educational background, experience, medical training, hiring process, and current responsibilities), and their opinions on the vagueness of job description, and overlapping of responsibilities. Interviews were conducted at four major university hospitals throughout August of 2018. Background literature reviews and preliminary interviews with healthcare professionals were conducted to formulate the main interview questions surrounding the hiring, managing, and training of medical interpreters and management of the interpreting system. The results demonstrated that the medical coordinator system leads to the lack of formalization of job responsibility and hiring/training process and increased role-conflict at Korean university hospitals. However, most interviewees admit that the medical coordinator system is the most optimized interpreting system for Korean hospitals and that coordinators are more valuable human resources than freelance interpreters who only conduct interpreting.

Search queries that play a critical role in an efficient searching activity during a translation process have received little attention in domestic translation studies. Based on the experimental data from five professionals and five students, this study aims to identify how students differ from professionals in language, length, and forms of search queries during the Korean-to-English translation process. The analysis results showed that students preferred SL queries whereas professionals preferred TL queries. Mixed queries were used more actively by professionals. Students applied a large number of Korean queries longer than two words in dictionaries, suggesting their heavy dependence on sample sentences, while professionals rarely did so. Students also had many one-word English queries arising from the previous dictionary search results, but professionals made many queries without any usage of external resources. English queries more than two words were found less in students not only because some students rarely verified collocation in search engines but also because professionals frequently included articles and prepositions in queries in an effort to narrow down the search results.

This article examines one hundred proper nouns in the Korean translation of 63 French picture books published since 2000: it studies only the anthroponym - names of characters from a perspective by which translation results from negotiation. The names are composed in diverse ways: names from the real world, names related with wordplay, names with intertextual link; existing words with the first letter of each word capitalized; the combination of existing words with a name; and new coined names. The proper nouns are translated in following ways: total or partial transcription without transfer of meaning; translating meaning; recreation; replacement of a personal name by another from source language; change of category (from proper nouns to common nouns); and deletion. The translation of names of characters is not their reproduction in the target text. The translator negotiates between the source text and the reader of the target text in order to find out a solution or a compromise after taking into consideration the meaning and the possible function of the names.

Progressive rendering is a critical skill for sight translation and simultaneous interpretation because it allows interpreters to overcome time constraints and cognitive overload. This paper investigates how progressive rendering can be applied to subtitle translation, especially from the context of Korean to English subtitling. There are special issues to be considered in subtitling, including the most basic spacial and time constraints, as well as synchronization and readability. The current research analyzed six Netflix Korean movies rendered into English subtitles to explore the possibility of applying progressive rendering. Results are discussed in three aspects: synchronization of dialogue and subtitles, synchronization of effect and subtitles, and elimination of repeated content in subtitles. The purpose of these discussions is to examine how the sight translation method can be utilized to enhance the overall quality of subtitling while meeting the special conditions of subtitling, to achieve synchronization in various aspects, and to improve readability for the viewers.

Cutting-edge technologies are propelling us beyond the old human limits, ushering us into a post-human era. Over the past couple of years, there has been a surge of research on educational transformation through a post-human lens, as the emerging era requires students to acquire a new set of work-ready skills. As the rise of AI-powered T&I tools poses a series of unique challenges for translators and interpreters, T&I programs also need to prepare the students for any changes that might occur in the work environment. Against this backdrop, this paper attempts to identify future developments in a post-human era and proposes future directions for the curriculum so that it caters to the changing market demands. The concept of techne-humanities is explored to look at how the understanding of technology and humanities can help future interpreters develop strong competencies in the new age. Potential implications for educational practice and issues for consideration are discussed.

Both Korean and Chinese have aesthetic characteristics. In Korean-Chinese translation, we should not only consider the accurate transmission of information, but also pay attention to the aesthetic elements of the language. Translation Aesthetic Theory plays a vital role in the process of translation. Therefore, Korean-Chinese translation can be analyzed from the perspective of Translation Aesthetics Theory.
Under the guidance of Liu Miqing(劉宓慶)'s Aesthetic Translation Theory, this study analyzes the formal and non-formal systems of Translation Aesthetic Object in terms of rhythm, vocabulary, syntax, and artistic conception and image through analyzing specific examples.
This study aims to discover how to represent the beauty of translation from the perspective of Aesthetics of Translation and help translation practice in some way. In Korean-Chinese translation practice, it is good to achieve better effect in translated text when recognizing the beauty of Korean and translation aesthetic object well and adopting translation aesthetics. It can better convey the aesthetic information of the original Korean text only when the translation achieves beauty in emotion, form and artistic conception.

This research attempts to look into the ethical awareness of legal interpreters and translators in Korea through an analysis of the results of tests that were recently conducted by the Refugee Division of the Ministry of Justice and the Office of Court Administration of the Supreme Court. As the first attempts for nationwide certification of legal interpreters and translators, the tests have important implications for both practitioners and educators in interpreting and translation. While the interpreting skills were assessed in the same modes in the two tests, the desired attitudes were examined in different manners, objective and subjective, presenting different layers of ethical awareness. The interpreting and translation skills that have often been considered to be naturally acquired are now recognized to be trained and tested for professional practice. More importantly, they should be accompanied by ethical attitudes that do not come naturally. The research results will contribute to the development of optimal research methods for the study of ethics and other related topics in translation and interpreting studies. They will also be helpful for the ethics education of future interpreters and translators.

This study aims to identify the current situation on education for translator trainers in Korea by a survey. The questionnaire consists of 23 questions covering trainers' profile, trainers' experiences as translators, and their participation in educations for professors. Among 31 respondents, 30 acquired Master's or Doctor's Degrees in translation studies. In addition, 29 have experiences as translators and they all think their experiences are very helpful in organizing their translation class and preparing for their teaching materials. However, 26 had no trainers' training before they started their translation classes, and they want some kind of training to improve their teaching capacity. If they have chances to participate in the translation trainer training, what they want to learn is as follows: pedagogy, teaching skills, communication with students, translation memory, translation tool, Artificial Intelligence and translation, and specialized translation such as audiovisual translation and legal translation.

This paper examines the process of how an art museum interpreter became familiarized with her duties and formed professional identity. For this study, Hyun-jung, an in-house interpreter for the director of a national art museum in Korea was selected as the research participant. Employing the method of narrative inquiry, her first 1.5 years at the art museum was carefully followed and observed. The data collected and analyzed includes in-depth interviews, log entries, participant's work-related materials and self-portrait. A total of five core themes were identified as a result of the narrative analysis: Duties and Responsibilities; Context of the Art Museum; Mediation; Inner Conflicts and Identity Crisis; and Formation of Professional Identity. The research participant's experience can be summarized as follows: Firstly, as an interpreter with no field experience, Hyun-jung was required to acquaint herself with the unfamiliar and abstruse subject called art. She was also exposed to whispering interpreting, a type of interpretation that she knew little of, resulting in a hard landing in her first job. Second, Hyun-jung found she needed to improve her flexibility and adaptability against the unpredictability in her work and meetings. This is because depending on the characteristics and the needs of the speakers, requirements for interpretation services changed, as well as the language direction, and the type of interpretation (whispering, consecutive, and sight interpretation) and her role as mediator and communication facilitator. Third, an art museum interpreter had to double as a secretary and an administrative assistant, which meant the traditional duties of an interpreter was comparatively reduced in Hyun-jung's role. This resulted in much inner conflict and a thirst for professionality, and Hyun-jung found herself greatly discouraged and confused in terms of her professional identity. Fourth, through trial and error, Hyun-jung came to form her own strategies for interpretation, and eventually came to develop a sense of professional identity that fulfilled the expectations by the art museum: a mediator of cultures and catalyst for engaged communication.